Sun unleashes colossal solar flare and coronal mass ejection, raising the chances of northern lights this week

A powerful M5.7 solar flare erupted from the sun on May 10, unleashing an impressive coronal mass ejection (CME) that could deliver Earth a glancing blow later this week and potentially spark northern lights displays at high latitudes.

The eruption peaked at 9:39 a.m. EDT (1339 GMT) from sunspot region AR4436, now rotating into Earth’s “strike zone” on the sun‘s northeastern limb. As the active region swings further into view over the next few days, any major flares or CMEs it produces will have a greater chance of being directed toward Earth.

While most of the recently launched CME appears to be racing east of Earth, NOAA’s Space Weather Prediction Center and the U.K. Met Office say part of the expanding plume of solar material may still brush past Earth around early May 13. If that happens, it could trigger minor (G1) geomagnetic storm conditions, enhancing aurora displays across the northern U.S. and the U.K.

The solar flare eruption triggered a radio blackout over the Atlantic Ocean, according to NOAA’s Space Weather Prediction Center. These blackouts occur when intense X-ray and ultraviolet radiation from solar flares ionize Earth’s upper atmosphere, interfering with high-frequency radio signals used by aviators, mariners and amateur radio operators.

The timing of the eruption is especially notable for aurora chasers. Almost exactly two years ago, on May 10, 2024, Earth experienced the first “extreme” G5 storm since 2003 — the strongest in more than two decades. The historic event produced dazzling auroras visible far beyond their usual high latitude range, with skywatchers reporting northern lights deep into mid-latitudes such as southern Florida and Mexico.